https://www.untunestem.com/blog daily 0.75 2022-10-18 https://www.untunestem.com/blog/blog-post-one-9exbw monthly 0.5 2022-06-08 https://www.untunestem.com/blog/blog-post-two-zsspw monthly 0.5 2022-06-08 https://www.untunestem.com/blog/blog-post-three-5zarg monthly 0.5 2022-06-08 https://www.untunestem.com/home daily 1.0 2025-04-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/57272e8a-47b4-40af-a44c-5f721966000d/main_page_new.jpg https://www.untunestem.com/contact daily 0.75 2023-12-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/15cc3a3a-1269-4eb7-a3fb-5115a1818fa1/Flax_RAG_Ramin_Rahmanpour.jpg https://www.untunestem.com/biograpghy daily 0.75 2025-04-26 https://www.untunestem.com/shop daily 0.75 2023-10-22 https://www.untunestem.com/shop/p/conference-ticket-party-k5ky2 monthly 0.5 2022-06-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503cb1a5b60629568349/1649102913643-DAOJ9YLRRDVWUT7EIXFL/2005.37.4_PS2.jpg Shop - Conference Ticket + Party https://www.untunestem.com/shop/p/conference-ticket-r54zg monthly 0.5 2022-06-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/624b503cb1a5b60629568349/1649102913574-1Q6F87WNX7VP683MZ607/2005.37.4_PS2.jpg Shop - Conference Ticket https://www.untunestem.com/ecoculture daily 0.75 2025-04-27 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/2d7cb839-734e-4a38-b1ce-2ae527d0144b/Top_image.jpg https://www.untunestem.com/ecoculture/canvas5025-2011-2016 monthly 0.5 2024-05-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/9a973cf9-d814-4bbe-9bc1-cf374102d6bc/page_top_image.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/f834f9d1-2dfc-4058-8e0a-e449c6aa2e31/before2.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] Within this concrete grid system, mainly non-native plants resided https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/68efdc1f-d50a-47c2-9265-239bb7f5e3ce/7_position.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] land in front of the house is on a south east facing slope. land behind the house also faces south east and receives the sun as it sets in west. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/34c58e74-9536-4f62-b501-b27643197a0c/before3.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] This pathway was removed in 2021 and the concrete urbanite was used in terracing, replacing the railroad ties https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/fdef4b88-f3c3-4dab-a314-465b2cb86a87/8_front.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] Bare soil in need of the healing of native plants after the railroad ties were removed https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/dcfd098c-6f8d-4d56-b1e4-80ebe5343d72/before5.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] By removing the railroad ties, we also removed the grid system which was not suited for an energy flow that supports plant life https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/f149fde3-0f23-4058-89a1-725ca79fd336/9_front_plantfriends_removing_stone.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] Eleanor and Lila of Plant Friends removed one of the the concrete pathway to allow for new meandering pathways and breathable soil that received fresh mulch and native nitrogen rich clovers https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/c5d1651c-09da-4806-bd69-1693f29e818d/before4.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] a lot of ties and bare compact soil https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/4842c34e-7a82-403d-8bfc-ce93688e0f20/10_back.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] Back area Railroad ties that formed the wall were removed - fresh start! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/8a5cfbfd-8430-493f-ad5b-66508b88830c/before7.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] All the railroad ties and most of the plants in this photo were removed https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/73c9720f-1f21-4684-9c1b-8dc0eda2f01d/11_back_plantfriends.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] Plant Friends utilized the broken urbanite from the removed concrete pathway to create a two level garden terrace. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/ced2e192-d2a0-4b6e-bf49-7e25b72fb180/before1.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] Railroad ties used for a 4' wall, seeping damaging chemicals into the soil for 30 or so years https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/03ee8aa0-f847-4080-9bbc-cf3896b2a9be/12_front_plantfriends.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] New garden beds utilizing river rocks and wooden stumps found on the land were created with the help of Plant Friends (Lila pictured here) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/3d8ef311-10b9-4282-bb61-f3bd9d9e4d82/before6.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] Ceanothus (California lilac) barely visible in this photo. She was one of only two native plants that were on this land when we arrived here (2011). We removed too many invasive Foxtails (including the ones in this photo) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/258f41bf-09fc-4a7e-987b-b60ece5c74cd/14_front_repurposing_stones.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] Plant Friends also helped to break up a concrete deck area (which is now a greenhouse studio) and the broken urbanite was reused to create this layered step and terracing system (again replacing the railroad ties) and allowing for permeable crevices between the stones - what soon became the most desired spots for the California poppies and common yarrow https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/66e03d4a-a3cc-4a36-9c1e-9525f889102b/15_front_repurposing_stones.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] imperfect steps with love and character https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/11bbfb95-bf8d-47ec-9e1b-7978f07553c3/before+copy.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2011-2016] Base Map - this was what the converted landscape looked like in 2016 before the railroad ties were removed https://www.untunestem.com/ecoculture/canvas5025-2016-present monthly 0.5 2024-05-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/f22e6b5f-74b8-46bb-8738-b5c61baa103c/page_top_image.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/bd269d16-97a5-47ba-9ce0-6b136ece6df7/16_front.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Always a work in progress as we listen to and learn the needs of the land. The process includes replacing the invasive non-natives with native plants, while supporting our pollinating communities https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/46d6c779-ecc9-424f-bd4b-e09329633b9d/11_grape_cintonella.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] To the right of Flax Seed (dog) is Vitis Roger's Red grape vine and Encelia californica (Bush Sunflower) that found its way in the cracks of urbanite, and a non-native citronella geranium plant that I keep only in that area as an attempt to keep the mosquitos at a distance from sitting area under the vitus vines https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/a4ffde82-2953-46bd-8682-cd35cbf8eeb5/5_back_bee.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] our helpers provide us with the best feedback, this one pollinating the Phacelia Cicutaria (Catepillar Phacelia) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/3a419d7e-848f-4725-ae2a-2c8c01ea29be/8_Caterpillar_Phacelia.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Phacelia Cicutaria (Caterpillar Phacelia) - This annual California flower appears from March to May and melts me each time with their hairy coils resembling caterpillars that uncoil as the flower opens one by one https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/2fa37ac8-b507-44d6-89a9-35a448fb00c4/2_bush_sunflower.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Encelia Californica (Bush Sunflower) - after blooming (Winter - Spring), the seeds provide food for small seed-eating birds. Does great on south and west facing slopes and a significant member of the Coastal Sage Scrub community https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/8ef5f950-1175-4def-b788-2f2ea59638d3/7_back_wildflowers.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Annual California Spring flowers: Eschscolzia californica (California Poppy ), Clarkia unguiculata (Elegant Clarkia), Gilia capitata (globe gilia), Clarkia amoena (farewell to Spring), and Layia platyglossa (common tidy tips) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/4183bec8-8572-4dae-bd4f-ac829300713b/9_Blue_Palo_Verde.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Parkinsonia Florida (Blue Palo Verde). The seed pods (not featured in the image) resemble Mesquite and numerous animals find them tasty https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/92be5b0c-4301-4fe3-9f46-659996ac8d9a/6_back_wildflowers.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] More California Wildflower mix with the addition of Nemophila Menziesii (baby blue eyes) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/5cc57588-9573-4d34-82f4-613e5e48c6dd/4_California_hedgenettle.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Stachys Bullata (California Hedgenettle) - a perennial herb in the mint family, not drought adapted but does well amidst bioswales and pond margins, and adored by hummingbirds, butterflies, and insects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/ceb33475-ded2-45e9-ab03-df682993b5fc/13_front_natives.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] The Eschscholzia Californicas (California poppies) have been showcasing for two springs now, sprouting out from the cracks between the broken urbanite steps https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/5511fb83-b5a4-450f-9eb7-7be380135eb3/10_CApoppy.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Eschscholzia Californica (California Poppy) -always an abundance of charm and joy https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/ee41d9b0-0ec7-44b9-9f8a-9259278aa228/14_baja_spurge.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Euphorbia xanti (Baja Spurge) is a bamboo-like shrub that spreads like rhizomes to form dense colonies that make for an interesting hedge or screen https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/dce5ea6c-f177-4e7b-badb-e13363c23569/17_coastal_sagebrush.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Artemisia Californica (California Sagebrush) stands tall against the urban backdrop of power lines and palm trees, while the wind carries her earthy aroma, shifting the senses away from the city's pollution. They are also extremely drought adapted and a very important coastal scrub plant https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/203ac180-a903-4f01-8277-e2702693c655/3_blue_elderberry.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Sambucus mexicana (Blue Elderberry) - an important food source for birds and animals. The Indigenous used the flowers for tea to treat colds and fever. Humans can eat the berries after they are cooked. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/150b8fbc-f51c-44c8-9c0c-b872349cea27/12_poppy_friend.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Hello shiny beautiful friend! My entomologist buddy A.J.S says she's a kind of katydid nymph, but not sure what species https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/91991e98-eab8-463b-85eb-fd8b58ae7d0a/1_front.jpg ecoculture - canvas 5025 - [2016-present] Canvas 5025 will continue to be a land in progress as changes are made to return the land to our native habitats by replacing some of the non-native invasive species to create more space for native ones. https://www.untunestem.com/ecoculture/hollyknoll2021-2022 monthly 0.5 2024-05-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/a14fdcca-5c1e-43ea-a5f2-9b9711fc55a3/button+%283%29.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/2b778158-e438-41af-8669-183eda477287/1_basemap.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] base map https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/2ad9d3db-0216-43bd-9606-ccf8c3c8f5f0/2_degraded_soil.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] back yard - dry compacted soil https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/ad4277d5-aae3-45da-b9ed-110775248ae6/3_degraded_soil.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] back yard - bare soil after the plant demolition https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/3ea9fe62-ad4b-4616-8e8f-0e6a5ccae1f4/4_degraded_back.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] back yard - more bare soil https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/5e2cd817-76bc-4d8f-acd2-dc61a34495fb/5_degraded_back.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] back yard - beginning the soil restoration process https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/51d39922-f359-4805-9cac-f7e818943708/8_comparing_soils.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] comparing soils https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/09859c65-0f12-4337-b7c6-fb60a29abf89/15_wildflowers_back.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] first native wildflowers bringing life and hope https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/cdba9820-b3f0-479a-9870-904bdf03ee74/9_natives_back.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] back yard - creating a rock garden bioswale https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/62527920-c4ed-46ff-8319-8398a5b0de21/16_back_plan.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] back yard - first phase plan https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/e0520abd-8fd2-4699-a529-a76c2eba2106/6_non-native_degraded_front.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] front yard - what was left after the plant demolition https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/d5a27c2b-c227-4e74-b9a8-e7ff1b49319c/10_native_restoration_front.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] front yard - newly planted Parkinsonia florida (Blue Palo Verde), Abutilon palmeri (Palmer's Indian Mallow), and other natives https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/b3ffb769-94db-45ba-93ea-8580bb922dc7/11_herbs_rodent_prevention_front.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] front yard - a few non-native garden herbs in a separate boxed in garden area https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/6d97b2bc-440c-4c4c-8763-a4a3b35393e5/12_native_restoration_front.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] front yard - Heteromeles arbutifolia (Toyon) and Encelia californica (Bush Sunflower) are a must https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/ecc8dd62-acab-44bb-bb55-d387c4af956c/7_front_plan.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] front yard - first phase plan https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/b3331bac-cd62-4e22-8880-ee240cf19611/13_natives_fromTPF.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] native plants from Theodore Payne Foundation and Artemisia Nursery https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/052597d2-f455-4cf3-9151-e0c447d793f0/14_natives_seeds.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2021-2022] native seeds germinating (-: https://www.untunestem.com/ecoculture/hollyknoll2022-2023 monthly 0.5 2024-05-15 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/76628fde-47f8-4011-b1a1-db8777e51e23/button+%282%29.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/6b738fe8-19cc-444d-88d2-234e5ccc97f0/1_wild_spring_mix.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] California wild flowers in Spring https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/baa67c9f-ad67-4efd-b0ce-d6218c853548/2_tecate_cypress_Hesperocyparis_forbesii_relatives.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Hesperocyparis Forbesii (Tecate Cypress), Artemisia Californica (California Sagebrush), Ceanothus Far Horizons (California Lilac), and Black Sage (Salvia Mellifera) + relatives https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/11e3ce3d-994e-4233-98d6-df13b18b8abd/3_Achillea_millefolium.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Achillea Millefolium (Common Yarrow) alongside Salvia Apiana (White Sage) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/250af7fd-cec5-4045-86d5-502363a93051/4_non-natives_coinhabiting_with_natives.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] non-native (and invasive) in California's coastal areas is Tropaeolum Majus (Nasturtium) spreading its vines amongst the natives: Eschscholzia Californica (California Poppy) and Carex praegracilis (Clustered Field Sedge) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/356842ce-75ad-4870-8a90-f7fd48336a17/5_Ceanothus_FarHorizons_CALilac.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Ceanothus Far Horizons (California Lilac) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/db8a9512-2d88-43c5-9677-75e9598deea3/6_relatives.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Eriogonum Fasciculatum (California Buckwheat) and Artemisia Californica (California Sagebrush) among their peers https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/bc466694-4871-46d5-b574-34c81a916e5a/7_relatives3.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Heteromeles arbutifolia (Toyon) among her relatives https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/09eaff28-947d-4414-9d2c-e2af20b1d99c/8_Cercocarpus_betuloides_mountain_mahogany.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Black Sage (Salvia Mellifera) sharing support system with Cercocarpus Betuloides (Mountain Mahogany) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/4d2301e8-7163-463d-9809-1f753b6c9f80/9_cleveland_sage_Salvia_clevelandii.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Salvia Clevelandii (Cleveland Sage) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/4fc03d44-ec95-4150-b7a6-0c301f861e09/10_Rosa_woodsii_wood%27s_rose_meets_Vitis_californica.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Rosa Woodsii (wood's Rose) meets Vitis Californica (California native grape) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/1291cb78-e7d3-40b2-9ebf-500d7644a845/11_lupinus_succulentus.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Lupinus Succulentus (California's spring-time wild flower Lupine) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/1da748d9-8ceb-49de-bb94-08a1aff9de0a/12_Epilobium_Canum_Ca_Fuchsia_relatives.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Epilobium Canum (California Fuchsia) + relatives https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/57a29810-c750-48ee-b791-ff437091089a/13_Juglans_Californica_socal_black_walnut.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Juglans Californica (SoCal's black walnut) reaching to the sky (planted while only a foot tall) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/500e934e-3ae6-4710-a25d-20fac1e61cd7/14_pollinators.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Bee pollinators loving the Salvia Apiana (White Sage) and Encelia Californica (Bush Sunflower) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/9964f207-56cc-482a-8f67-c76c7d4ea58d/15_ca_lupines.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Lupinus Succulentus (California Lupines) surrounding native grasses https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/4a966699-fb28-4e3a-be38-bbe06bd383ba/16_Salvia_Apiana.jpg ecoculture - Holly Knoll - [2022-2023] Salvia Apiana (White Sage) - planted with care. Indigenous people in Southern California and northern Baja have tended white sage­ populations for thousands of generations and some have referred to her as “grandmother,” as she has provided their people with medicine, food, ceremony, and beyond. https://www.untunestem.com/ecoculture/ranchoarroyogrande2021-2022 monthly 0.5 2024-07-10 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/7edc2544-77d6-4fac-9534-ed5f064b1def/button.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/627e1d81-82f4-4b2d-8832-8e3fff6bde48/RAG+copy.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/c75e5776-6404-42da-96b1-61d553928926/wild_pig.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/cd9025bf-1e4b-47e9-b646-7b8f9034a7d7/wild_pig_degradation1.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Rooting, vegetation loss, and bare soil caused by feral pigs is depicted in these next few photos. One thing I recognized right away was that the "vegetation" that experienced the most rooting was the non-native highly irrigated grasses such as the despised Bermuda grass. During my walks around the less human-altered acres of the land, the native shrubs and plants were left untouched https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/c707395e-a959-479f-a2c8-859a285c6b24/wild_pig_degradation2.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] The feral pigs impact ecosystems through their rooting (seen in this photo), wallowing, foraging, and hunting. They are highly competitive for food resources such as water. Even deer are known to vacate the area. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/8dbb37b2-fc21-44c5-9c3c-8e007ccc27f1/wild_pig_degradation3.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] The land around the main living structure was quite heavily rooted and became the area where I created test plots (small circular models) and as those were destroyed by the pigs, I created 2 larger circular areas that the land maintenance employees (Lupe and Michael Lopez) fenced off to protect the area until plant restoration was at a matured state https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/4a7076b1-72ae-4d2d-9a9b-1dec69657ead/wild_pig_degradation4.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] The feral pig's rooting behavior overturns and tills the soil, uprooting plants, exposing bare soil, and creating opportunities for weeds to invade. They disturb native and naturalized vegetation and reduce available forage for livestock and other animals. Their wallowing disturbs springs and streams. Their rooting and wallowing behavior also disturbs riparian areas and reduces habitat suitability for native and endangered species https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/a2ffdbb6-ae4b-4dd7-832c-11d24ec43101/wild_pig_degradation5.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Feral pigs like to rest and nest in areas with low growing dense vegetation (like neatly manicured lawns). Like most other vertebrates, feral pigs need water. Additionally, since they do not have sweat glands, in hot weather they wallow in seeps and springs to cool themselves. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/8484f4a7-b38a-4962-8673-807e5762e84f/wildpig_footprints_meet_bermuda_grass.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Feral Pigs (evidenced here by paw prints) head for the wet Bermuda grass. Underneath the grass lies grubs—much liked treats for the pigs. Aside from roots, bulbs, and grubs, pigs show a strong preference for hard mast crops (e.g., acorns). Acorns unfortunately are a primary source of their diet. One study found that high density populations of feral pigs led to lower acorn survival and a reduced regeneration of oak trees in California https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/7617328b-d31d-44bf-857f-fbfbd7acac50/RestorationPlan_Circle1.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] This is a drawing of Test Plot Circle #1: Seeds include Blue-eyed grass (BEG), Clustered Field Sedge (CFS), Diego Bent Grass (DBG), Deer grass (DG), Bull Clover (BC), Desert Dandelion (DD), and California Buckwheat (CB) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/bf70454c-f8e5-4e6a-9144-b1b84bbbe4b2/restoration_test1.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Circle #1 was the first test plot I attempted. The idea was to grow native grasses (local to the area) that had extremely low water needs to see if they would be less desired by the thirsty feral pigs. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/2d0e7337-792d-4210-a8c4-7dda6f143e21/restoration_test4.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] 5/22/22: Circle #1 remains untouched due to chicken wire fencing, however this wouldn't last long as the weather became warmer and the moist soil full of grubs attracted desperate pigs. The sown seeds do require watering until established so the soil here had been irrigated (unless it had rained) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/23faada4-b9d9-4355-aaf5-2e96631861fd/RestorationPlan_Circle2.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] This is a drawing of Test Plot Circle #2: Seeds include Creeping Red Fescue (CRF), Common Yarrow (CY), Diego Bent Grass (DBG), CA Buckwheat (CB) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/dd1bda6d-e98b-4e3c-9dc1-71c5e34a50a0/restoration_test2.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Test Plot Circle #2 didn't last long. The pigs destroyed the area while I was gone. Because I live in Los Angeles, I was only able to come out to RAG once or twice a month. And unfortunately the land owners did not live there and only visited maybe once/month. This left a large gap in connecting to and caring for the land, a gap that was quickly filled by fast populating families of pigs https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/decb0637-b232-44d3-b5d5-00f38dbb2c0c/restoration_test7.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Test Plot Circle #2 - destroyed by the feral pigs https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/86cb5b49-6be6-4846-9fcf-c0de09757276/RestorationPlan_Circle3.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] This is a drawing of test plot circle #3. Seeds include California Buckwheat (CB), Purple Needlegrass (PNG), Desert Dandelion (DD), and Deergrass (DG) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/a1a020f0-8ef1-43f6-ad7c-0161fe53c5e5/restoration_test8.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Test Plot Circle #3 - this one ended up becoming part of the larger circle #4 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/d0825019-05ba-4e39-9e8f-e7a20dfb8330/Circle%234+copy.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] This is a drawing of Circle #4: 100 foot circumference fenced off circle at RAG that untune started in April 2022 - this was after the initial 3 test plots had failed due to pig interference and no proper fencing (before the seeds had been fully established) Sown seeds include: (1): Common Yarrow (CY), California Poppy (CP), Clustered Field Sedge (CFS), and Native Hedgerow mix (2): Deergrass (DG), Common Yarrow + Clustered Field Sedge + CA poppy (CY + CFS + CP) (3): Desert Dandelion (DD), Diego Bent Grass (DBG), and Purple Needlegrass (PNG) (4): Deergrass (DG), California Buckwheat (CB), Diego Bent Grass + Purple Needlegrass + Desert Dandelion (DBG + PNG + DBG) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/bfbb3ba9-6a01-4feb-bc5d-25bbdc68408f/restoration_circle4c.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Trenches were created to help collect water when it rained and alleviate soil erosion allowing the seedlings to get established. Later the trenches became the areas where we installed and tested drip hose irrigation systems that partially worked and mostly failed https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/f65e15f0-df33-492b-a45f-121d00adbd43/restoration_circle4d.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] And all done by hand, not machines - certainly took a lot of muscle strength https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/4936fb5a-f16e-46d4-94f9-00eee91087fe/restoration_circle5a.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Circle #4: The idea with sowing mainly native grasses and ground cover (common yarrow and CA wildflowers) was to provide native grass alternatives that are drought tolerant (very low water-needs). The vision was for a meadow grassland that would have significant ecosystem restoration benefits, providing for native habitat, especially pollinators, and also provide the dogs an open area they could run across. At this phase the CA buckwheat around the perimeter of the circle was a test as I noticed that the buckwheat and other native shrubs around the less manicured land were not touched by the pigs. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/0c32f3c0-28c2-4a31-963d-57e2cf53a853/Circle%235.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Circle #5: This ended up being slightly smaller than Circle #4 and had a bit less built soil with the bedrock closer to the surface contributing to slower productivity than Circle #4. Seeds sown: (1): Common Yarrow + CA Poppy + Blue Flax (CY + CP + BF) (2): Purple Needlegrass + Diego Bent Grass + Clustered Field Sedge + Common Yarrow (PNG + DBG + CFS + CY) (3): California Buckwheat + Deergrass (CB + DG) and PNG-DBG-CFS-CY mix https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/505d6840-dc21-4e2a-beff-af4a948d3ef0/restoration_demo_circle6a.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Circle #5: untune eventually decided to use this circle as an experimental area and a way to test out certain seeds. The plan was that when it came to removing the fencing, we would first remove the fence on this one (after the area was restored and plants had been established) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/5ab7c577-4dc9-41b5-9a58-e5a3e354687e/restoration_circles2.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Left is Circle #4 (seeds were sown April 2022) and to the right is Circle #5 (seeds were sown May 2022). This photo was taken late summer 2022 and shows a much more productive Circle #4. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/908786f5-c7ec-4f20-b1aa-6dd984b36fbc/restoration_circles3.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Photo taken from the opposite direction (Summer 2022): Circle #5 on left, Circle #4 on the right https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/ab509b0b-ffc4-4ead-81f3-2d7c88a9345c/telegrapghweed.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Heterotheca Grandiflora (Telegraph Plant) - a native referred to as a pioneer species, brought by wind or birds. I got excited to find them appearing as they are quite useful restoration plants and had risen up to action all on their own (-: https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/c4f6f7ae-5ebe-455c-90b1-4010fbe9c315/ca_poppyies.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Good ole' Eschscholzia californica (California Poppies). The first of the seeds to sprout with hope and a promise of revival for the land https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/8a94e9ba-1f12-46f2-89bb-ea73d5e60a27/common_yarrow_field.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Achillea Millefolium (Common Yarrow). I found the yarrow to be one of the fastest, easiest growing ground covers and low moisture alternative to the the non-native lawn that existed here before. Also the white flowers attract pollinators (bees, birds, and butterflies) and beneficial insects while repelling pests. And because they spread by rhizomes, they are excellent for large open areas. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/90b718a9-54e1-4a55-aad6-4cf365b44e1b/helga_weeding.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Helga removing weeds and Bermuda grass, part of the regular maintenance of creating space for native plants. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/eb3d3f9d-fda7-47a1-ad38-c88124c6006c/restoration_circles.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] During this first year, changes were slow but steady and though not apparent in this photo, there were a lot of small animal visitors that provided me with feedback and what adjustments I needed to make in terms of water needs. Maiden clovers (native) came up on their own most likely due to the disturbed habitat - their nitrogen fixing properties were definitely needed. However other non-native clovers appeared as well and were taking over. As the soil began to restore form, I began a grueling process of removing the non-native clovers and sowing native seeds to replace them. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/025dd100-bbd9-480f-bdbf-c39270560e9a/common_yarrow.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2021-2022] Close up of the flowering Common Yarrow https://www.untunestem.com/ecoculture/rag2022-2024 monthly 0.5 2024-07-10 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/6f79c3b6-c9dc-4f3d-afc5-9a0788d973e6/button1.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/f2ca8dc3-955f-43ce-8dce-293c71596e42/RAG_converted_landscape.jpg https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/1728627111163-LJ5CU6ZKVMSL0IMDAR1S/circle4_irrigation.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/bdc91dcf-e95c-41d6-8601-28443f1e2267/apricot_mallow.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/5d257c84-ab07-4793-9bea-1a7ccb162f83/circle4_spring2023_flooding.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/68ab3c7e-8560-4a9f-a094-accb4bfcd4f3/circle5_irrigation.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/2cbfe186-2fdb-4fdc-b4f8-a8a082fe5772/black_sage.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/9a656dcc-08f0-4ed0-9889-b4d679f842b5/flooding_spring2023.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/1fc18dc1-0510-4c63-a45e-76e6539cece0/ca_buckwheat.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/892c962c-2d03-4956-8dcb-937745f06594/flooding_circle4.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/ee893e95-df5e-479c-93db-467781fe314a/CA_coastal_live_oak.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/6ad3beac-a412-45f7-982c-a6e783a0c380/circle4_spring2023_3.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/86ca2754-4333-499f-93db-dd6d63f2aafb/chaparral_mallow.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/09362430-2da9-4f38-93b1-9c106fc27a98/Flannelbush.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/3894973d-9dee-468c-81e3-5a7ad072d06b/mountain_mahogany.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/50bbf112-c1ae-493c-9afa-75ec72717dd1/native_ecology2.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/c4aa0855-300b-4985-b86e-be45b096747f/native_landscape.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/65c84cc8-fb9c-497c-8a25-417e36f9272a/olive_tree_orchard.jpg ecoculture - RAG - [2022- 2024] https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/63216b3782fde37e69293187/927341ac-7a7a-4412-a34f-6f4b7c160238/RAG_vineyards.jpg ecoculture - 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